Array
(
[took] => 13
[timed_out] =>
[_shards] => Array
(
[total] => 1
[successful] => 1
[skipped] => 0
[failed] => 0
)
[hits] => Array
(
[total] => Array
(
[value] => 5
[relation] => eq
)
[max_score] => 7.54889
[hits] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[_index] => medtruthpr_prismic
[_type] => content
[_id] => b3Bpb2lkLWxpbmstaGFzLXNhY2tsZXItZmFtaWx5LWRvbmF0aW9ucy1kZWNsaW5lZC1ieS1tdXNldW1z
[_score] => 7.54889
[_source] => Array
(
[id] => XO_9aykAAD4ArtBA
[uid] => opioid-link-has-sackler-family-donations-declined-by-museums
[type] => articles
[href] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/api/v2/documents/search?ref=Xa5aeBAAACMAkSgf&q=%5B%5B%3Ad+%3D+at%28document.id%2C+%22XO_9aykAAD4ArtBA%22%29+%5D%5D
[tags] => Array
(
[0] => Sackler Family
[1] => Opioid Crisis
[2] => Opioids
[3] => Big Pharma
[4] => Purdue Pharma
)
[first_publication_date] => 2019-05-30T15:57:35+0000
[last_publication_date] => 2019-10-02T19:29:45+0000
[slugs] => Array
(
[0] => opioid-link-has-sackler-family-donations-declined-by-museums
)
[linked_documents] => Array
(
)
[lang] => en-us
[alternate_languages] => Array
(
)
[data] => Array
(
[title] => Opioid Link Has Sackler Family Donations Declined By Museums
[author] => Array
(
[id] => XO8LpCkAAEEAqrjc
[type] => authors
[tags] => Array
(
)
[slug] => s.-nicole-lane
[lang] => en-us
[uid] => s-nicole-lane
[link_type] => Document
[isBroken] =>
)
[medically_reviewed_by] => Array
(
)
[display_publication_date] => 2019-05-23
[page_template] => snippet
[category] => Array
(
[id] => XUwwNxIAACgA1Slf
[type] => coverage_areas
[tags] => Array
(
)
[slug] => legal-developments
[lang] => en-us
[uid] => legal-developments
[link_type] => Document
[isBroken] =>
)
[resource] => Array
(
[id] => XV8RkRAAACUAGLWV
[type] => drugs
[tags] => Array
(
)
[slug] => opioids
[lang] => en-us
[uid] => opioids
[link_type] => Document
[isBroken] =>
)
[tags] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[tag] => Array
(
[link_type] => Document
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[tag] => Array
(
[link_type] => Document
)
)
)
[hero_image] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 3120
[height] => 2080
)
[alt] => A photo of two people sitting in a museum, thinking about the Sackler family's part in the opioid crisis, which has caused museums to reject their donations.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/3bed3701a36d9346b6e45bf11947d2516c779424_sackler-family-opioid-crisis.jpg
[midsize] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 1560
[height] => 1040
)
[alt] => A photo of two people sitting in a museum, thinking about the Sackler family's part in the opioid crisis, which has caused museums to reject their donations.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/ad47c848c0ff26252d9dd3c8f76faedf4da5dab3_sackler-family-opioid-crisis.jpg
)
[mobile] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 480
[height] => 320
)
[alt] => A photo of two people sitting in a museum, thinking about the Sackler family's part in the opioid crisis, which has caused museums to reject their donations.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/ea5f40eacc1be62194effacdc6d232d5ed2641ac_sackler-family-opioid-crisis.jpg
)
)
[hero_image_caption] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Photo by Dev
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 9
[end] => 12
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://unsplash.com/@dev_irl?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
)
[circulation_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => The Sackler family has profited for years from their personal connections to Purdue Pharma amid the opioid crisis. Now, esteemed museums like the Met, Tate Modern, and the Guggenheim decline the Sackler Family Donations following public backlash.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[meta_title] => Opioid Link Has Sackler Family Donations Declined by Museums
[meta_description] => After aggressively pushing opioids towards manufacturers and paying for their family name on museum exhibits, parks, and even a star, the Sackler family now faces pushback from institutions.
[meta_image] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 1200
[height] => 800
)
[alt] => A photo of two people sitting in a museum, thinking about the Sackler family's part in the opioid crisis, which has caused museums to reject their donations.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/cc0b31ad26ecbf2fab69e58fe258c9288f724e4a_sackler-family-opioid-crisis-social.jpg
)
[intro_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] =>
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[body] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => After aggressively pushing opioids towards manufacturers and paying for their family name on museum exhibits, parks, and even a star, the Sackler family now faces pushback from institutions.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Profiting in the millions from pharmaceutical demand as a result of the opioid crisis and their personal connections to Purdue Pharma, it was no challenge for the family to obtain their place in some of the world's most well-known establishments.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => In the past, several esteemed museums like the Met, Tate Modern, the Louvre, and the Guggenheim have accepted the family's financial offerings and dedicated wings to the Sacklers, but now, many institutions refuse to accept their donations.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Last week, the American Museum of Natural History stated that it would cease all donations from the Sacklers. This followed action taken by both the Tate Modern in London and the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York to distance themselves from the family following public uproar.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => A February banner hung by protestors from one of the higher floors read, "TAKE DOWN THEIR NAME".
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Daniel H. Weiss, the president of the Metropolitan Museum of Art told the New York Times, “the museum takes a position of gratitude and respect to those who support us, but on occasion, we feel it’s necessary to step away from gifts that are not in the public interest, or in our institution’s interest.”
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 74
[end] => 88
[type] => em
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 74
[end] => 88
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/15/arts/design/met-museum-sackler-opioids.html
[target] => _blank
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[start] => 89
[end] => 90
[type] => em
)
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Since the late 1970s, the Sackler family has been donating to the Met, where they contributed to the construction of the Sackler wing which cost $9.5 million ($36 million in today’s dollars) to build.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Weiss stated that, “We would only not accept gifts from people if it in some way challenges or is counter to the core mission of the institution, in exceptional cases.” He noted, “The OxyContin crisis in this country is a legitimate and full-blown crisis.”
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => In response, the Sackler family has said that “while the allegations against our family are false and unfair, we understand that accepting gifts at this time would put the Met in a difficult position.” The statement continued, “Our goal has always been to support the valuable work of such outstanding organizations, and we remain committed to doing so.”
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[9] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => So, what was the domino that prompted the multitudinous measures of resistance?
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[10] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => It all started when protest of artists among other civilians who called for the museums to remove Warren B. Kanders from their board. As chief executive of Safariland Group, Kanders sells tear gas and other equipment to law enforcement which has been used on the Mexican border.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[11] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Last month, artists connected to Whitney Biennial exhibition of contemporary American art even signed a letter calling for Kanders' resignation.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[12] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Money, ethics, and art all come into play with actions of collective opposition to donations from the Sackler family. And while these public efforts don’t halt the opioid crisis, they do send a clear message big pharma companies.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
)
[footnotes] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[_index] => medtruthpr_prismic
[_type] => content
[_id] => bXQtd2Vla2x5LXNlcHQtMTY=
[_score] => 4.4359207
[_source] => Array
(
[id] => XYK9sREAACQAi8_z
[uid] => mt-weekly-sept-16
[type] => articles
[href] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/api/v2/documents/search?ref=Xa5aeBAAACMAkSgf&q=%5B%5B%3Ad+%3D+at%28document.id%2C+%22XYK9sREAACQAi8_z%22%29+%5D%5D
[tags] => Array
(
[0] => Opioid Crisis
[1] => HIV
[2] => Roundup
[3] => Johnson & Johnson
[4] => JUUL
)
[first_publication_date] => 2019-09-18T23:28:51+0000
[last_publication_date] => 2019-09-24T23:03:19+0000
[slugs] => Array
(
[0] => mt-weekly-jj-mistrial-declared-no-juuls-requested-for-schools
)
[linked_documents] => Array
(
)
[lang] => en-us
[alternate_languages] => Array
(
)
[data] => Array
(
[title] => MT Weekly: J&J Mistrial Declared, 'No JUULS' Requested for Schools
[author] => Array
(
[id] => XVsb9RIAACUAFwUr
[type] => authors
[tags] => Array
(
)
[slug] => james-parker
[lang] => en-us
[uid] => james-parker
[link_type] => Document
[isBroken] =>
)
[medically_reviewed_by] => Array
(
)
[display_publication_date] => 2019-09-16
[page_template] => feature
[category] => Array
(
[id] => XV21IRAAACUAErHM
[type] => coverage_areas
[tags] => Array
(
)
[slug] => health-features
[lang] => en-us
[uid] => health-features
[link_type] => Document
[isBroken] =>
)
[resource] => Array
(
[link_type] => Document
)
[tags] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[tag] => Array
(
[link_type] => Document
)
)
)
[hero_image] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 3120
[height] => 2080
)
[alt] => A photo of a cell phone on a desk, representing MedTruth Weekly.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/6f3172a9c48f0af1f93dcb178aa96e52fb7287f2_medtruth-weekly.jpg
[midsize] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 1560
[height] => 1040
)
[alt] => A photo of a cell phone on a desk, representing MedTruth Weekly.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/fb531e16dd146d989013e46caae1e50f0b9fb78e_medtruth-weekly.jpg
)
[mobile] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 480
[height] => 320
)
[alt] => A photo of a cell phone on a desk, representing MedTruth Weekly.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/3399c49ba0e94ac9a4ef42b13958529df978174b_medtruth-weekly.jpg
)
)
[hero_image_caption] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Photo by OhTilly
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[circulation_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => In this week's MT Weekly, Purdue Pharma and the Sacklers negotiated settlements, while pharmaceutical manufacturer Mallinckrodt agreed to a $30 million settlement. Trials on talc and Roundup brought stalemates. Still, global HIV efforts and criticisms of JUUL e-cigarettes bring hope for public health.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[meta_title] => MT Weekly: J&J Mistrial Declared, 'No JUULS' Requested for Schools
[meta_description] => In this week's MT Weekly, Purdue Pharma and the Sacklers negotiated settlements, while pharmaceutical manufacturer Mallinckrodt agreed to a $30 million settlement. Trials on talc and Roundup brought stalemates. Still, global HIV efforts and criticisms of JUUL e-cigarettes bring hope for public health.
[meta_image] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 1200
[height] => 800
)
[alt] => A photo of a cell phone on a desk, representing MedTruth Weekly.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/9987b0e738fd12ae2086264bc31486f8f099bc38_medtruth-weekly-social.jpg
)
[intro_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => MedTruth Weekly delivers the latest developments in medical research, regulation, legislation and legal actions. The best way to be an advocate for yourself is to know the facts. Staying informed starts here.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[body] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => Opioid Settlements Proposed
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 27
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Public Health
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 1
[end] => 14
[type] => em
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Ireland-based generic pharmaceutical manufacturer Mallinckrodt agreed to a $30 million settlement with $24 million paid in cash and $6 million in drugs that include addiction treatment medications.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Additionally, last week, sources inside Purdue Pharmaceuticals negotiations say the company intends to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy which would protect them if their proposed settlement is not accepted. This would dissolve their company, allowing them to sell OxyContin and other medicines under a new company and pay plaintiffs with the consequent profits. The company would also donate drugs for addiction treatment and overdose reversal, as noted by the New York Times.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 459
[end] => 473
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/11/health/purdue-pharma-opioids-settlement.html
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => In this deal, the Sackler family would pay $3 billon over the course of seven years. Despite hefty prospective payouts, no admission of guilt would be made under the settlement. Many believe the prospective settlement is insulting to victims.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 221
[end] => 241
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.apnews.com/fcb693fee634449cb8a0dc146251b18d
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[slice_type] => horizontal_rule
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[rule_type] => Type 1
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => Global Efforts Raise Awareness For HIV Patients
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 47
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Advocacy
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 1
[end] => 9
[type] => em
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Last week, the North Dakota Community Planning Group for HIV and Viral Hepatitis Prevention, Care and Treatment (NDCPG) held its second annual HIV Awareness Walk. The organization’s intention is to improve statewide access to quality HIV prevention services.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 143
[end] => 161
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.kvrr.com/2019/09/10/north-dakota-hiv-awareness-walk-battles-stigma/
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Meanwhile, in Atlanta, a $2.5 million federal grant from The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration has been given to Fulton County. This grant aims to provide assistance to Black and Latino men in the community, who are disproportionately affected by the epidemic. Retention of care and suppression rates among those who do have HIV are also intended goals of the grant.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 137
[end] => 150
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.11alive.com/article/news/local/mynews/east-atlanta/fulton-county-hiv/85-6e839332-99df-4661-811e-4e1b492f6cb5
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Overseas, Glasgow, Scotland reports major strides in HIV treatment and prevention, with over 90% of people there living with diagnosed HIV seeking treatment. This fall, Johnson & Johnson will test an HIV vaccine across North America, South America, and Europe. Results will be available in 2021.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 10
[end] => 27
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.thescottishsun.co.uk/news/scottish-news/4692648/glasgow-hiv-scotland/
[target] => _blank
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 200
[end] => 211
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/quality/hiv-vaccine-could-be-on-the-horizon-scientists-say.html
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[slice_type] => horizontal_rule
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[rule_type] => Type 1
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => Expedited RoundUp Trial Requests
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 32
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Legal Developments
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 1
[end] => 19
[type] => em
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Last Thursday, the lawsuits of a 13-year-old ("G.B.") and 87-year-old (Cotton) who developed non-Hodgkins lymphoma, which they attribute to Monsanto’s weedkiller Roundup, have placed requests for a speedy trial. Despite a state statute that allows minors, plaintiffs over age 70 and those with severe health conditions to cut the line in trial, Monsanto’s counsel, Sandra Edwards of Winston & Strawn LLP, refuted Cotton's request. She claims the woman's health records are “antiquated” and not reflective of her current health status.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 33
[end] => 78
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.law360.com/productliability/articles/1198371/sick-child-elderly-woman-fight-for-expedited-roundup-trials
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => These requests come amid 13,400 cases pending against Monsanto's owner, Bayer, handled by Judge Winifred Smith. Still more plaintiffs seeking recourse, most recently Gerald Kubena of Casper, Wyoming, file lawsuits against Bayer for Roundup's cancer-causing harm. Though science lacks definitive claims on the carcinogenic nature of the herbicide, Bayer faces a long legal path ahead.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 167
[end] => 199
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.kpvi.com/news/regional_news/second-wyoming-man-files-lawsuit-against-monsanto-alleges-roundup-gave/article_2a308c7a-ba87-54e7-929d-8e7d45649a48.html
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[slice_type] => horizontal_rule
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[rule_type] => Type 1
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => Johnson & Johnson Claim Mistrial After New Jersey Verdict
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 57
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Legal Developments
Two weeks ago, Johnson & Johnson attorney Diane Sullivan’s closing argument was struck for suggesting that the evidence brought by four plaintiffs against the company was “lawsuit fiction.” Now, following a $37.7 million dollar verdict by the jury, Johnson & Johnson calls for a mistrial. The pharmaceutical company argues that the judge failed to clearly identify which of Sullivan's remarks were problematic and instead delivered "a confusing and prejudicial tarring of J&J's entire closing with one broad brush."
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 1
[end] => 19
[type] => em
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 452
[end] => 535
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.law360.com/newjersey/articles/1197328/j-j-wants-mistrial-for-struck-talc-trial-closing-arguments
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Judge Ana C. Viscomi countered these claims, stating that Sullivan's implications that the plaintiffs had manufactured evidence of their illness were out of order and that she had already reminded Sullivan of this throughout the trial.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Last week also saw the first talcum powder case in Georgia and a retrial in California regarding asbestos in talc products.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 23
[end] => 58
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.law.com/dailyreportonline/2019/09/10/1st-georgia-case-over-cancer-links-to-baby-powder-opens-in-fulton-county/?slreturn=20190816164751
[target] => _blank
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 65
[end] => 86
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.law360.com/health/articles/1197364/j-j-says-science-backs-its-talc-at-opening-of-calif-retrial
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[slice_type] => horizontal_rule
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[rule_type] => Type 1
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] =>
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => JUUL in Jeopardy
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 16
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Legislation
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 1
[end] => 13
[type] => em
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => JUUL Labs has received additional scrutiny from the federal government this past week as both the Federal Trades Commission (FTC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) crack down on the corporation. The FDA, spurred on by the House Oversight Subcommittee on Economic and Consumer Policy, has been asked to take “appropriate enforcement action” on claims made by JUUL Labs that have been deemed fraudulent. One such claim mentioned was the implication that JUUL products are healthier than tobacco.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 34
[end] => 42
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.fool.com/investing/2019/09/07/juul-e-cigs-face-ftc-scrutiny.aspx
[target] => _blank
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 399
[end] => 409
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://wgno.com/2019/09/05/lawmaker-asks-fda-to-crack-down-on-juuls-fraudulent-medical-claims/
[target] => _blank
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[start] => 479
[end] => 501
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.cnbc.com/2019/09/09/fda-says-juul-illegally-promoted-its-e-cigarettes-as-less-harmful-than-cigarettes.html
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => JUUL Labs also faces heat from the FTC over persistent claims that JUUL Labs made its $13 billion from advertising to minors. Additional lashback has come from civilians following an updated CDC report listing mortality statistics for e-cigarette deaths. Citizens now call to formally ban the presence of Juuls and e-cigarettes on school property.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 191
[end] => 194
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://seekingalpha.com/news/3497805-deaths-linked-vaping-cdc-warns
[target] => _blank
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 285
[end] => 288
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => http://www.therepublic.com/2019/09/08/add_ecigarettes_to_school_smoking_ban/
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[footnotes] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[_index] => medtruthpr_prismic
[_type] => content
[_id] => bXQtd2Vla2x5LWF1Zy0yNg==
[_score] => 2.6373558
[_source] => Array
(
[id] => XXqzehAAAKjskjl5
[uid] => mt-weekly-aug-26
[type] => articles
[href] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/api/v2/documents/search?ref=Xa5aeBAAACMAkSgf&q=%5B%5B%3Ad+%3D+at%28document.id%2C+%22XXqzehAAAKjskjl5%22%29+%5D%5D
[tags] => Array
(
[0] => opioids
[1] => Johnson & Johnson
[2] => Purdue Pharma
[3] => Roundup
[4] => HIV
)
[first_publication_date] => 2019-09-12T21:07:09+0000
[last_publication_date] => 2019-10-02T19:45:25+0000
[slugs] => Array
(
[0] => mt-weekly-sackler-family-subpoenas-juuls-global-strategy-momentous-hiv-breakthroughs
)
[linked_documents] => Array
(
)
[lang] => en-us
[alternate_languages] => Array
(
)
[data] => Array
(
[title] => MT Weekly: Sackler Family Subpoenas, JUUL's Global Strategy, Momentous HIV Breakthroughs
[author] => Array
(
[id] => XVsb9RIAACUAFwUr
[type] => authors
[tags] => Array
(
)
[slug] => james-parker
[lang] => en-us
[uid] => james-parker
[link_type] => Document
[isBroken] =>
)
[medically_reviewed_by] => Array
(
)
[display_publication_date] => 2019-08-27
[page_template] => feature
[category] => Array
(
[id] => XV21IRAAACUAErHM
[type] => coverage_areas
[tags] => Array
(
)
[slug] => health-features
[lang] => en-us
[uid] => health-features
[link_type] => Document
[isBroken] =>
)
[resource] => Array
(
[link_type] => Document
)
[tags] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[tag] => Array
(
[link_type] => Document
)
)
)
[hero_image] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 3120
[height] => 2080
)
[alt] => A photo of a cell phone on a desk, representing MedTruth Weekly.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/6f3172a9c48f0af1f93dcb178aa96e52fb7287f2_medtruth-weekly.jpg
[midsize] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 1560
[height] => 1040
)
[alt] => A photo of a cell phone on a desk, representing MedTruth Weekly.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/fb531e16dd146d989013e46caae1e50f0b9fb78e_medtruth-weekly.jpg
)
[mobile] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 480
[height] => 320
)
[alt] => A photo of a cell phone on a desk, representing MedTruth Weekly.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/3399c49ba0e94ac9a4ef42b13958529df978174b_medtruth-weekly.jpg
)
)
[hero_image_caption] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Photo by OhTilly
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[circulation_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Last week, the state of New York issued subpoenas to companies with relations to the Sackler family in attempts to track money spent on opioids. Additionally, JUUL announced interest in global markets, and HIV researchers discovered a potentially illuminating sample of the virus.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[meta_title] => MT Weekly: Sackler Family Subpoenas, JUUL's Global Strategy, Momentous HIV Breakthroughs
[meta_description] => Last week, the state of New York issued subpoenas to companies with relations to the Sackler family in attempts to track money spent on opioids. Additionally, JUUL announced interest in global markets, and HIV researchers discovered a potentially illuminating sample of the virus.
[meta_image] => Array
(
[dimensions] => Array
(
[width] => 1200
[height] => 800
)
[alt] => A photo of a cell phone on a desk, representing MedTruth Weekly.
[copyright] =>
[url] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/medtruth/9987b0e738fd12ae2086264bc31486f8f099bc38_medtruth-weekly-social.jpg
)
[intro_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => MedTruth Weekly delivers the latest developments in medical research, regulation, legislation and legal actions. The best way to be an advocate for yourself is to know the facts. Staying informed starts here.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[body] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => Opioids
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Legal Developments
New York Issues Subpoenas to Companies Connected to Sackler Family
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 18
[type] => em
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 19
[end] => 85
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Connecticut-based pharmaceutical company, Purdue Pharma, brought OxyContin to market in 1995. Owned by the Sackler family, the company has recently been hit with allegations of driving the opioid crisis. Just last week, the New York state attorney general's office began issuing subpoenas from banks and other companies with connections to the Sackler family in hopes of gleaning where money from opioid sales went. Of the 48 states who have filed legal claims against Purdue Pharma, 17 states, including Illinois, are reportedly suing members of the Sackler family. Illinois state attorney general, Kwame Raoul, expanded the scope of pending lawsuits against Purdue Pharma to include the Sackler family this past Wednesday.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 271
[end] => 288
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.ktvn.com/story/40927376/new-york-pursuing-sacklers-financial-records-in-opioid-case
[target] => _blank
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 600
[end] => 611
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => http://www.illinoisattorneygeneral.gov/pressroom/2019_08/20190821.html
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Other opioid manufacturers, Endo International Plc and Allergan Plc, have agreed to pay a $15 million settlement to avoid taking an Ohio case to trial.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 90
[end] => 112
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/the-latest-2nd-company-settles-with-counties-in-opioid-suit/2019/08/20/970b322e-c38f-11e9-8bf7-cde2d9e09055_story.html
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[slice_type] => horizontal_rule
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[rule_type] => Type 1
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => JUUL
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Advocacy
JUUL Reports Profits Amid Nationwide Protests
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 8
[type] => em
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 9
[end] => 54
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => In July, e-cigarette companies were ordered by a U.S. federal court to submit applications to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) within 10 months in order to remain in the market. The deadline for companies to submit such applications had previously been 2022, but the sharp rise in youth vaping prompted the FDA to expedite review. After the Vapor Technology Association (VTA) has filed suit against the FDA for what they believe is an arbitrary and unmeetable deadline, JUUL Labs, formerly a member of the association, announced that they would not be renewing their membership with the industry group due to differences on "critical policy issues." Bringing further surprise, the controversial e-cigarette company has revealed that it has raised $325 million in a debt and equity offering aimed at expanding global reach amid regulatory scrutiny in the U.S.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 631
[end] => 653
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://thehill.com/business-a-lobbying/458323-juul-leaves-vaping-industry-group
[target] => _blank
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 771
[end] => 795
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.reuters.com/article/us-juul-funding/juul-raises-325-million-in-equity-and-debt-financing-for-global-expansion-idUSKCN1V90UZ
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Mass disapproval of JUUL came to a head on Tuesday when dozens of protesters gathered at rally outside of Juul’s Manhattan offices. Advocates and parents called them out for marketing toward young adults and unethically causing addition in minors who are hooked on their flavored nicotine products. In New Jersey, officials have sent a statewide health alert to healthcare providers and local health departments after nine adverse reports related to JUUL products throughout the state.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 89
[end] => 94
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.metro.us/news/local-news/new-york/juul-speaks-out-anti-vape-rally
[target] => _blank
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 302
[end] => 312
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://patch.com/new-jersey/pointpleasant/statewide-health-alert-vaping-after-9-nj-get-sick
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[slice_type] => horizontal_rule
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[rule_type] => Type 1
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => Roundup
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Legal Developments
Financial Awards Pending in Roundup Litigation
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 18
[type] => em
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 19
[end] => 65
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Lawyers representing Dewayne "Lee" Johnson in a California appeals court rejected efforts by Monsanto last week. The agrochemical giant attempted to overturn a jury verdict which initially awarded the school groundskeeper $289 million in total damages. The appeal was initiated last year, after the jury decision last August marked the first of three court losses for Monsanto. The appeal now awaits a decision, which is expected to be made by the end of the year. The result could significantly influence future compensation for injured parties as Monsanto's German owner, Bayer AG, prepares to discuss global settlements on Roundup cancer litigation.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 102
[end] => 111
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://usrtk.org/uncategorized/serious-deadly-injury-cited-in-new-appeals-court-filing-over-roundup-cancer-claims/
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => In other Roundup litigation, the Eighth Circuit Court upheld a $21.5 million dollar class action settlement for claims that Monsanto misled consumers about chemical concentration levels. Monsanto’s appeal claimed that the numbers used in the lower court revealing the concentration levels were “grossly inaccurate,” but the panel judges found the appeal failed to provide evidence that the numbers were inaccurate.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 63
[end] => 107
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.law360.com/classaction/articles/1190536/8th-circ-upholds-monsanto-s-21-5m-roundup-label-deal
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[slice_type] => horizontal_rule
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[rule_type] => Type 1
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => Talcum Powder
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Legal Developments
Johnson & Johnson Educator Admits to Never Reading Studies
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 18
[type] => em
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 19
[end] => 77
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Monday marked the sixth week of the New Jersey trial alleging that Johnson & Johnson's talcum powder products caused mesothelioma in users through asbestos contamination. Nancy Musco was called to the stand, speaking as a J&J manager of product safety and talc powder education and 30-year-veteran of the company. Under questioning, Musco admitted that she had never actually reviewed any of the studies that she provided to consumers when assuring them that J&J's talc powder was safe. She told the jury, “my job was to reassure them that they could feel safe and comfortable using Johnson’s baby powder because there was zero asbestos.”
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 147
[end] => 170
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.law360.com/trials/articles/1189916/j-j-talc-educator-never-saw-asbestos-reports-jury-hears
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Musco went on to admit that she was only a "communicator" for the company and used information provided to her by the company's legal and admitted she was only a “communicator” and she used information provided by Johnson & Johnson’s legal and research & development departments. This testimony may serve to validate claims that Johnson & Johnson misled consumers about the safety of their talcum products.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[slice_type] => horizontal_rule
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[rule_type] => Type 1
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[feature_chapter_title] => Array
(
)
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => HIV
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Medical Breakthrough
Decade-Old Sample of HIV Virus May Lead to New Discoveries
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 20
[type] => em
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 21
[end] => 79
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine unveiled a momentous discovery: a sample of the HIV virus that dates back to 1966. This new sample has allowed evolutionary pathologists to understand more about the HIV virus by tracing its evolutionary progression.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 105
[end] => 154
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/hiv-1-genome-extracted-from-1966-tissue-sample-66295
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Meanwhile, Ontario, with the highest number of reported HIV cases in Canada at 39%, has approved a new HIV prevention pill with “virtually no side effects.” Among other HIV prevention strides, UK-based pharmaceutical company, GlaxoSmithKline, has made claims that their HIV prevention injection could successfully protect users for two months at a time. University of Liverpool and Queen's University Belfast researchers have also made headway in the UK’s battle against HIV, creating a “microneedle” drug delivery system that delivers painless protection for weeks or even months.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 88
[end] => 122
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://torontosun.com/news/local-news/promising-new-hiv-treatment-now-available-in-ontario
[target] => _blank
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 270
[end] => 294
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.nasdaq.com/article/gsk-longacting-hiv-injection-succeeds-in-study-20190822-00077
[target] => _blank
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[start] => 488
[end] => 499
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://medicalxpress.com/news/2019-08-nano-engineered-microneedles-hiv-drug-delivery.html
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[footnotes] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[_index] => medtruthpr_prismic
[_type] => content
[_id] => b3Bpb2lkcw==
[_score] => 2.1812816
[_source] => Array
(
[id] => XV8RkRAAACUAGLWV
[uid] => opioids
[type] => drugs
[href] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/api/v2/documents/search?ref=Xa5aeBAAACMAkSgf&q=%5B%5B%3Ad+%3D+at%28document.id%2C+%22XV8RkRAAACUAGLWV%22%29+%5D%5D
[tags] => Array
(
)
[first_publication_date] => 2019-08-22T22:05:08+0000
[last_publication_date] => 2019-09-26T23:03:48+0000
[slugs] => Array
(
[0] => opioids
)
[linked_documents] => Array
(
)
[lang] => en-us
[alternate_languages] => Array
(
)
[data] => Array
(
[title] => Opioids
[drug_type] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Drug
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[truth] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Opioids, like Oxycodone and Oxycontin, are highly addictive prescription drugs.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[studies_science] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Though safe opioid use comes with a number of side effects, misuse may be fatal.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[regulation] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => The FDA has expressed concern about an increase in opioid-related overdoses.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[next_steps] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Assistance for individuals dealing with opioid side effects may be available.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[introduced] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => U.S. market: 1996
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[treats] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Pain
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[side_effects] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Addiction and abuse
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[meta_title] => Prescription Opioid Addiction Help · A MedTruth Guide
[meta_description] => Opioid side effects can be severe and life-threatening. Learn about opioid use disorder and access resources to access opioid addiction help with prescription drug side effects.
[meta_image] => Array
(
)
[introduction] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Though painkillers are prescribed by physicians, opioid side effects can be serious and life-threatening. Prescription opioid use has quadrupled since 1999, prompting a heavy increase of abuse and requiring widespread opioid addiction help.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[resource_illustration] => Array
(
)
[illustration_caption] => Array
(
)
[body] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => The Truth: Opioid Addiction
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Originating in southwest Asia, opioids are powerful chemical substances derived from the opium poppy plant. Opioids are available in many forms, and often prescribed by physicians after accidents, injuries or surgeries to mitigate and manage pain.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => As a member of the analgesic drug class, opioids relieve pain and produce euphoric effects. Opioids may also be used in combination with other medications to suppress a cough.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), prescription opioids are responsible for more overdose-related deaths than any other drug. Opioids are misused when individuals consume an unprescribed dose to feel euphoric effects.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => When taken for non-medical use, prescription painkillers can become severely addicting. Opioid side effects are debilitating and dangerous. Overdose-related deaths are increasing, and the CDC reports more than three out of five deaths involve an opioid.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[type] => heading4
[text] => Common Addiction Terms from the CDC
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 36
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Opioid use disorder -
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 21
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => A problematic pattern of opioid use that causes clinically significant impairment or distress. A diagnosis is based on specific criteria, such as unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control use, as well as social problems and a failure to fulfill obligations at work, school, or home. Opioid use disorder has also been referred to as “opioid abuse or dependence” or “opioid addiction.”
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Physical dependence -
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 21
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[9] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Adapting to a drug that produces symptoms of withdrawal when the drug is stopped.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[10] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Tolerance -
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 11
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[11] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Reduced response to a drug with repeated use.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[12] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Drug misuse -
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 13
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[13] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => The use of prescription drugs without a prescription, or in a manner other than as directed by the prescriber.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[14] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Overdose -
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 10
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[15] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Injury to the body that occurs when excessive amounts of a drug are consumed. An overdose can be fatal or nonfatal.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[16] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) -
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 37
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[17] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Treatment for opioid use disorder combining the use of medications (methadone, buprenorphine, or naltrexone) with counseling and behavioral therapies.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[slice_type] => horizontal_rule
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[rule_type] => Type 1
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => Studies + Science
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Opioids come in various forms and doses, including capsules, tablets, patches, liquids, and powders. Opioids can be taken intravenously, topically or orally.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Prescription opioids may be formulated in combination with different active ingredients and in extended-release variations. There are three categories of opioids, though heroin is often placed within a separate classification.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => heading4
[text] => How Opioids Work
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 16
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => When consumed, opioids move through the bloodstream to the brain. Opioids then bind to brain receptors to send pain-relieving signals to the body. The analgesic effects decrease the feelings of pain while increasing tolerance to pain. Opioids also work with the spinal cord to reduce pain.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Opioid use creates changes in the brain to trigger a biochemical reward system. Feelings of euphoria and pleasure make users dependent on the drug, which leads to misuse, dependence, and addiction. Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to addiction, with abnormal brain pathways making the individual more likely to develop a dependence.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[type] => heading3
[text] => Common Opioid Side Effects
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Sedation
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Dizziness
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[9] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Nausea
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[10] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Vomiting
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[11] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Constipation
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[12] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Respiratory depression
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[13] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Shallow breathing
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[14] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Slurred speech
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[15] => Array
(
[type] => heading3
[text] => Less Common Opioid Side Effects
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[16] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Delayed gastric emptying
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[17] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Hyperalgesia
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[18] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Immune and hormone dysfunction
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[19] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Muscle rigidity
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[20] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Myoclonus
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[21] => Array
(
[type] => heading4
[text] => Abuse, Dependence + Addiction
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 29
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[22] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the number of people abusing opioids is estimated at 2.1 million in America and between 26.4 and 36 million globally. Abuse can lead to tolerance, dependence, addiction, and overdose.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 17
[end] => 49
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.drugabuse.gov/about-nida/legislative-activities/testimony-to-congress/2015/americas-addiction-to-opioids-heroin-prescription-drug-abuse
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[23] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Chronic use of opioids creates abnormal brain structures that lead to compulsions and cravings. When opioid medications are used for an extended period, the body grows accustomed to the effect. Over time, the body builds a tolerance and requires more of the drug to achieve euphoric feelings. Tolerance can increase the risk of accidental overdose.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[24] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Opioid addiction, built on a growing dependence the effect, is when psychological cravings are paired with symptoms of physical withdrawal. The body experiences symptoms of withdrawal when opioid use is discontinued.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[25] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => During withdrawal, opioid side effects may worsen after the first few days. The detoxing process may sometimes be mistaken for the flu because withdrawal puts stress on the body, and if left unmonitored, it could become life-threatening. Symptoms of opioid withdrawal include, but are not limited to:
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[26] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Craving
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[27] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Sweating
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[28] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Euphoria or general discontent
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[29] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Chronic constipation
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[30] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Abdominal pain
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[31] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Diarrhea
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[32] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Small or dilated pupils
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[33] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Nausea and vomiting
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[34] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Reduced sex drive
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[35] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Sensitivity to pain
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[36] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Muscle aches
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[37] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Restlessness
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[38] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => High blood pressure
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[39] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Anxiety
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[40] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Blurry vision
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[41] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Teary eyes
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[42] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Runny nose
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[43] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Inability to sleep
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[44] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Goosebumps
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[45] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Rapid heartbeat
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[46] => Array
(
[type] => heading4
[text] => Treatment + Recovery
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 20
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[47] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Because addiction creates serious physical and psychological side effects, people often need professional treatment to recover. Recovery is a long process that requires cognitive and biological healing. The first step in treating an individual with opioid use disorder is detoxification, which may take weeks or days after their last use.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[48] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Individuals addicted to opioids must receive treatment to overcome abnormal brain structures that create cravings and lead to withdrawal symptoms. Certain medications, like Clonidine, Naloxone or Suboxone, are used to help with withdrawal.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[49] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Recovery requires medication monitoring, in-patient treatment, group therapy, and support from family and friends. It is common for those in recovery to relapse during the rehabilitation period. Programs like Narcotics Anonymous have been successful in helping some patients transition. People may choose to reside in sober living after in-patient treatment is complete.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[50] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Regardless of successful program completion or a stay in sober living, recovered individuals may start using when faced with stressful psychological or environmental challenges.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[51] => Array
(
[type] => heading4
[text] => Neonatal Opiate Withdrawal Syndrome (NOWS)
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 42
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[52] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Neonatal opiate withdrawal syndrome (NOWS), a subset of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), occurs when a pregnant woman abuses opioids. The mother’s addiction is passed through to the child by blood infused with opiates via the placenta, which creates a dependence in the child that begins before birth and grows with the mother's use.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[53] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => NOWS occurs when the child is severed suddenly from its source of opioids, the placenta, during birth. NOWS is the infant going into withdrawal during the first hours of its life.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[54] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Although NOWS is not often fatal, it causes significant illness in the newborn and often results in prolonged hospital stays. The symptoms of NOWS vary by the affected organ system.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[55] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Common symptoms may include:
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 28
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[56] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Central Nervous System Effects
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[57] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => High-pitched crying
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[58] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Irritability
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[59] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Exaggerated reflexes
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[60] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Tremors and tight muscles
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[61] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Sleep disturbances
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[62] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Autonomic Nervous System Effects
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[63] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Sweating
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[64] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Fever
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[65] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Yawning
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[66] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Sneezing
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[67] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Gastrointestinal Effects
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[68] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Poor feeding
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[69] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Vomiting
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[70] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Loose stools
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[71] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Respiratory Effects
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[72] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Nasal stuffiness
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[73] => Array
(
[type] => list-item
[text] => Rapid breathing
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[74] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Although the best method of preventing NOWS is to abstain from opioid use while pregnant, if the mother does use opioids while pregnant, a detox can be highly dangerous to the infant.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[75] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => It is instead recommended that addicted individuals undergo medication-assisted treatment, such as methadone, in order to ensure the health of the infant through birth. Though medication-assisted treatment will prevent opiate-born NOWS, methadone does allow the possibility of NAS as shown in the chart below.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[76] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Even though methadone and buprenorphine offer longer treatment times, there is often less risk of serious symptoms and complications when compared to the use of prescription opioids, such as Oxycontin. There is no cure for NOWS or NAS, but medical attention and surveillance can help improve the child’s odds of going home healthy.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => Regulation Recap
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Opium, heroin, and prescription painkillers have a long and complex history. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been working to better regulate opioid medications for decades.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => As the epidemic grows, safe use of prescription opioids becomes more difficult.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => heading4
[text] => History of Opioids
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 18
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Healers have used opium-derived substances for centuries. Since the passing of the Heroin Act in 1924, the importation, manufacture, and possession of heroin have been illegal--even for medicinal use.
However, medical variations, such as codeine, morphine and oxycodone, were still available. The FDA approved Percodan, an oxycodone-aspirin combination, in 1950. The use of oxycodone started to grow, expanding in the 1960s.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[slice_type] => table
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[key_value] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Schedule I
No accepted medical use
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 11
[type] => strong
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 12
[end] => 35
[type] => em
)
)
)
)
[paired_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Heroin
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[key_value] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Schedule II
High potential for abuse and dependence
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 12
[type] => strong
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 13
[end] => 52
[type] => em
)
)
)
)
[paired_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Hydromorphone
Methadone
Meperidine
Oxycodone
Fentanyl
Morphine
Opium
Codeine
Less than 15 mg of Hydrocodone
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[key_value] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Schedule III
Moderate potential for abuse and dependence
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 13
[type] => strong
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 14
[end] => 57
[type] => em
)
)
)
)
[paired_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Less than 90 milligrams of codeine
Buprenorphine
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[key_value] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Schedule IV
Low potential for abuse
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 12
[type] => strong
)
[1] => Array
(
[start] => 13
[end] => 36
[type] => em
)
)
)
)
[paired_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Tramadol
Cough preparations with less than 200 milligrams of codeine or per 100 milliliters
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[type] => Table
[header] => no header
[table_title] => Array
(
)
[table_footnote] => Array
(
)
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Later, in the 1970s, the Controlled Substances Act was passed. The act regulated opioid drugs into schedule categories based on medicinal benefit, harmfulness, and potential for abuse or addiction. Heroin remains a schedule I drug, whereas other drugs are Schedule II and III.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => In 1978, German pharmaceutical company Knoll released Vicodin, a combination of hydrocodone and acetaminophen. While President Nixon called for the War on Drugs, people suffering from cancer and other chronically painful illnesses lobbied to increase access to these medications. Despite a number of serious opioid side effects, patients with chronic pain demanded the medications for their care.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => In the 1990s and 2000s, the FDA expanded the uses of opioid-derived drugs. The market subsequently grew, and so did the abuse. From 1998 to 2008, the misuse of OxyContin, Vicodin, Percocet, and Lortab doubled.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Today, the FDA works to regulate opioids, releasing a number of safety alerts, labeling changes and prescribing guidelines. The agency is in the process carrying out the following actions:
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Expand use of advisory committees
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 33
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Develop warnings and safety information for immediate-release (IR) opioid labeling
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 82
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Strengthen postmarket requirements
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 34
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Update Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) Program
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 61
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Expand access to abuse-deterrent formulations (ADFs) to discourage abuse
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 72
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[9] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Support better treatment
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 24
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[10] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Reassess the risk-benefit approval framework for opioid use
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 59
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[11] => Array
(
[type] => heading3
[text] => Who is at fault for the opioid crisis?
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[12] => Array
(
[type] => heading4
[text] => The Sackler Family
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 18
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[13] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Many Americans who learn about the opioid crisis wonder how government agencies and health professionals allowed the epidemic to become so widespread. America’s struggle with opiate addiction may be directly related to the greed and inaction from key members of pharmaceutical companies, such as the Sackler family and their primary subsidiary, Purdue Pharma.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[14] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => The Sackler family was a renowned humanitarian and philanthropic group best known for their contributions to the Louvre Museum and other iconic art establishments. As the opioid crisis began to overtake America, the company's image changed as the corporation came under legal fire.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[15] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => The Sackler family founded Purdue Pharma in 1892. It was a successful pharmaceutical company throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. In 1996, however, Purdue Pharma released their major contribution to the opioid crisis: Oxycontin.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[16] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Now known as “heroin in a pill,” Oxycontin was immensely profitable for the Sackler family. While the Sacklers claim that they have done no wrong as they control only 1.7% of the opioid market, that statistic is misleading.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[17] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Purdue Pharma owns 1.7% of the share of opioids produced, but the Sackler family also owns a smaller off-brand opioid manufacturer called Rhodes Pharma. Together these two manufacturing giants give the Sackler family 6% of the opioid market, the seventh largest share of opiates the United States.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[18] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Founded only four months after a scandal rocked the upper echelons of Purdue Pharma, Rhodes Pharma peddles mostly opioids and has little available information or associated press. The Sackler family maintains their stance of innocence despite weathering nearly two decades of successful lawsuits against their companies for their role in the opiate epidemic.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[slice_type] => quote
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[quote] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => “We believe it is inappropriate for [Massachusetts] to substitute its judgment for the judgment of the regulatory, scientific and medical experts at FDA."
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[quote_author] => Purdue's statement to the Financial Times
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Despite losing that lawsuit, and others, the Sackler family have pleaded innocence despite. According to The Guardian, they were continuing to fund anti-regulatory lobbying for opioids and continuing to produce Oxycontin.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 105
[end] => 117
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/feb/13/us-drug-companies-accused-cheerleaders-opioids
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => heading4
[text] => Purdue Pharma
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 13
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Since 2004, Purdue has been fighting lawsuits since over mislabeled products. The company has been accused of intentionally suppressing addiction information about oxycontin, their most valuable asset.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Originally patented in 1996, Purdue Pharma pushed Oxycontin as “non-addictive” and more effective than non-opioid based painkillers. Through a practice of aggressively marketing to doctors and instructing for doses to be made stronger, not more frequent, Purdue quickly found itself riding a tidal wave of profits that continues through to the present.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => OxyContin has brought in over $35 billion in revenue since its release in 1996 despite being muddled in controversy since before its release. The first major blow to the unstoppable Oxycontin was a lawsuit in 2007 that revealed that Purdue Pharma was not only lying about the addictive possibilities of its product, but that key executive knew the risks since before the product released and actively hid the information — even from their own staff.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => By 2010, it also came to light that Purdue was moving bulk inventory to dubious “clinic” locations without looking into illegal resale risk. One lawsuit even cited locations that included a derelict vehicle whose “patients” were the local homeless.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => This pattern of neglect and apathy in pursuit of profits led to an explosion of opioid abuse and allowed hundreds of thousands of patients seeking pain-relief to become opioid addicts. Despite growing allegations that Purdue was perpetuating the sale of opioids to disreputable establishments, they denied all knowledge and claimed to be practicing with ethics and integrity.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => On July 2nd, 2018, 26 states filed lawsuits against Purdue Pharma, in addition to Puerto Rico and several tribes of Native Americans, for overstating the benefits and downplaying the risks of addiction and abuse associated with Oxycontin. The lawsuit outlined the hundreds of thousands of addicts who had gone on to become dependent on Oxycontin, users of illicit substances, and victims of overdose.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Other culprits for the skyrocketing opioid deaths are the makers of Narcan and Evzio, manufactured by Adapt Pharma and Kaléo Pharma, respectively. According to a study by the New England Journal of Medicine, Narcan can cost over $150 for a single, life-saving dose, and a two-pack of nasally applied Evzio has increased in price by over 500% in two years from $690 to $4,500.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 175
[end] => 206
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1609578
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[9] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => To put this into perspective, a single tablet of Oxycontin can cost between $1.25 to $6.00 per tablet legally. For off-brand labels, the product may be even cheaper. The cost means that an overdose can be bought for as little as $20 (3+ tablets in 12 hours), yet comparatively, it can cost eight times the amount to treat and survive it.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[10] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => It’s no wonder that 50,000 fatal opioid overdoses occur annually in the United States.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[slice_type] => horizontal_rule
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[rule_type] => Type 1
)
)
[9] => Array
(
[slice_type] => rich_text
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[start_section] => no
[rich_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading2
[text] => The Next Steps
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => According to the CDC, 33,091 deaths involved an opioid in 2015. The opioid problem in the United States has continued to worsen, with opioids gaining increased attention from health care, politics, and news organizations.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[type] => heading4
[text] => Types of Addiction Treatments
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 0
[end] => 29
[type] => strong
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Opioid addiction recovery takes many forms. Some drugs help by standing in for opioid fixes, allowing addicts to recover and resume a normal life. Others can provide a life-saving aid in the event of an overdose.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => The primary drugs used to treat opioid addicts are naloxone and methadone. Each drug helps manage the opiate epidemic in America in different ways.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[type] => heading3
[text] => Naloxone
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Naloxone is a drug that has recently found its way into the hands of many, courtesy of state and local governments. Naloxone, commonly prescribed as Narcan, is a life-saving drug that stops overdoses in their tracks. By binding to opioid receptors in the brain, Narcan helps stop overdoses, even after they've begun.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => While effectiveness hinges on the time between administration and overdose, it’s a miraculous step towards decreasing the 50,000 annual opioid deaths in America. Unfortunately, because addicts chase a high close to overdose, Naloxone is not able to save the lives of an addict taking opioids on their own. Additionally, many opioid addicts are reticent to administer Naloxone to someone else—but with awareness and education, that's starting to change.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Once an addict is “Narcanned” they not only stop experiencing opioid stimulation, they go into immediate withdrawal and aren’t to get high again until the Narcan unbinds days later.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[9] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Naloxone is controversial in its effectiveness. According to a 2018 study, abusers will go right back to opioids or heroin once naloxone immunity wears off to counteract the immediate withdrawal naloxone causes, meaning it is not the best choice for recovery from opioid addiction.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 63
[end] => 73
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0955395917302931
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[10] => Array
(
[type] => heading3
[text] => Methadone
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[11] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Methadone is a common “stand-in” drug used to help treat opioid addiction and get addicts back on track without fears of opioid withdrawal. Methadone clinics have consistently treated over 245,000 people since 2010 and are the most common form of Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) next to its sister drug, buprenorphine.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[12] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Methadone doesn’t cure opioid addiction. Methadone and buprenorphine act as opioid substitutes, filling in the opioid receptors without creating a high in order to prevent the addict from going into withdrawal. Methadone therapy is used to control relapse so the addict can return to society.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[13] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => However, there's a hitch. Just as an addict can build up a tolerance to opioids, clinic patients build up an immunity to methadone. Additionally, methadone users often depend on their daily dose at the clinic as much as, if not more, than their opiate fix.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[14] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Methadone clinics rarely allow patients to have at-home supply, so many addicts become“Methadone Prisoners.” While Methadone does satisfy opioid cravings, most addicts trade one drug for another.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[15] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => According to American Addiction Centers, 25% of methadone clinic patients will be weaned off of methadone while most will remain either addicted to methadone or trapped in an alternating cycle of opioid relapse and methadone addiction.
[spans] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[start] => 13
[end] => 39
[type] => hyperlink
[data] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://americanaddictioncenters.org/methadone-addiction/pros-cons
[target] => _blank
)
)
)
)
[16] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Most opioid treatment is a combined assault of therapy, detox and MAT. Unfortunately, because of the potent nature of opioids, many patients require two options of treatments to balance the long-lasting, effective and non-addictive elements.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[17] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => An example of opioid treatment trade-off is the FDA approval of non-opioid Lucemyra (lofexidine hydrochloride) in May of this year. Lucemyra is a non-addictive withdrawal blocker, but it only lasts 14 days before succumbing to immunity.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[18] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => The last treatment option discovered was buprenorphine in 2003, but even this drug carries the same addiction risk as methadone, which was first used in 1930. Many doctors and addicts are fighting to cure an ever-evolving issue with therapy and treatment trapped in 15 years of stagnation.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
[19] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => If you're struggling with side effects from prescription opioids, you may be able to access to helpful resources. Advocates are standing by.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
[10] => Array
(
[slice_type] => call_to_action
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[callout_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => heading3
[text] => Have you experienced problems with opiates? Connect with an advocate to learn about available resources.
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[cta_button_text] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[type] => paragraph
[text] => Contact Us
[spans] => Array
(
)
)
)
[cta_button_link] => Array
(
[link_type] => Web
[url] => https://medtruth.com/contact/
)
[secondary_text] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[_index] => medtruthpr_prismic
[_type] => content
[_id] => c2VhcmNoLW5hdmlnYXRpb24=
[_score] => 1.5497948
[_source] => Array
(
[id] => XSyjKCkAAElOKydF
[uid] => search-navigation
[type] => navigation
[href] => https://medtruth.cdn.prismic.io/api/v2/documents/search?ref=Xa5aeBAAACMAkSgf&q=%5B%5B%3Ad+%3D+at%28document.id%2C+%22XSyjKCkAAElOKydF%22%29+%5D%5D
[tags] => Array
(
)
[first_publication_date] => 2019-07-15T16:02:34+0000
[last_publication_date] => 2019-09-04T20:23:53+0000
[slugs] => Array
(
[0] => search
)
[linked_documents] => Array
(
)
[lang] => en-us
[alternate_languages] => Array
(
)
[data] => Array
(
[navigation_label] => Search
[nav] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[slice_type] => nav_item_with_sub
[slice_label] =>
[items] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[title] => Invokana
[link] => Array
(
[link_type] => Any
)
[custom] =>
)
[1] => Array
(
[title] => Truvada
[link] => Array
(
[link_type] => Any
)
[custom] =>
)
[2] => Array
(
[title] => Vaginal Mesh
[link] => Array
(
[link_type] => Any
)
[custom] =>
)
[3] => Array
(
[title] => Sacklers
[link] => Array
(
[link_type] => Any
)
[custom] =>
)
)
[primary] => Array
(
[title] => Suggested Searches
[link] => Array
(
[link_type] => Any
)
[custom] =>
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
S. Nicole Lane · May 23, 2019
The Sackler family has profited for years from their personal connections to Purdue Pharma amid the opioid crisis. Now, esteemed museums like the Met, Tate Modern, and the Guggenheim decline the Sackler Family Donations following public backlash.
Legal DevelopmentsJames Parker · September 16, 2019
In this week's MT Weekly, Purdue Pharma and the Sacklers negotiated settlements, while pharmaceutical manufacturer Mallinckrodt agreed to a $30 million settlement. Trials on talc and Roundup brought stalemates. Still, global HIV efforts and criticisms of JUUL e-cigarettes bring hope for public health.
Health FeaturesJames Parker · August 27, 2019
Last week, the state of New York issued subpoenas to companies with relations to the Sackler family in attempts to track money spent on opioids. Additionally, JUUL announced interest in global markets, and HIV researchers discovered a potentially illuminating sample of the virus.
Health Features